The errors that can be made in the realization of a external thermal coat they are virtually infinite and they can originate both during the phase design both during the phase of installation.
However, everyone is attributable to one underestimation of the importance of some aspects.
External thermal coat, the most undervalued aspects
Before analyzing which are the most common errors related to the realization and installation of the external thermal coat, let’s analyze what are the more undervalue aspects:
- signer correctly the thickness of the insulating panels, also in consideration of the presence of thermal bridges and elements of the opaque envelope characterized by a higher thermal transmittance than that of the current section of the perimeter walls (eg below window);
- guarantee continuity of isolation, taking into account the singularity on the facade (such as visible pipes, niches and sports);
- “Correct” thermal bridges of facade, that is, those elements of geometric and/or stratigraphic discontinuity of the building envelope that determine a variation of the density of the thermal flow between internal environment and external environment.
A brief review of the more recurrent errors.
Error n.1: do not insist all the heated plans
The coat thermal insulation intervention must concern theentire surface of the facadesall heated plans must be isolated.
Leave portions of dispersing wrapping without insulationfor example the ground floor of commercial intended a residential building, has the effect of generating a dangerous thermal bridge On the entire perimeter of the building, to the interface between the portion of the insulated wall and the portion of a non -insulated wall, with consequent risk of formation of mold and condensation.
Error n.2: Use insufficient thick insulating panels
The characteristics of the climatic zone and the construction characteristics of the building is known, it is possible to evaluate, according to the type of insulating material, which are the Minimum Panels thicknesses acts to guarantee the levels of thermal performance requested by current legislation.
Use panels of insufficient thickness means Inficiate the entire interventionwithout however achieving any significant economic savings, since, in the face of a minimum saving on insulating material, it is still necessary to support All the most relevant costs (construction sites, assembly, use and disassembly of the scaffolding, use of plaster, mortars, profiles and special pieces from coat, labor).
Possible difficulty of laying in work associated with the thickness of the insulating panels must therefore not be resolved by reducing the thickness of the panels, but by adopting on a case -by -case basis, technical solutions suitable for the context.
Error N.3: Install Non -insulated window sills and thresholds
Installing window sill and thresholds not insulated on the thermal coat means creating a discontinuity in isolation of the facade in correspondence with each window.
In order to avoid the formation of thermal bridges to the interface between the wall and window, with the consequent risk of formation of mold and condensation, the old windowsions and the old windows of windows and doors must be replaced with siats and insulated thresholds.
It is possible to opt for pre -assembled products or for solutions made on site, which allow to maintain the pre -existing finishing materials.
Error n.4: do not “correct” thermal bridges
Create discontinuity points in the insulation of the dispersing envelope not only entails greater heat lossbut also increases the risk of formation of mold and condensation to the interface between isolated surfaces and non -isolated surfaces.
It is therefore necessary implicate the coat On all the horizontal and vertical surfaces that insist on the facade, such as underbooks, sub -players, windows of the windows.
Error n.5: Create discontinuity in the thermal coat
In correspondence with pipes, flues and obstacles in general, We must not create discontinuity in the coat system, because this determines the formation of thermal bridges.
Instead, it is necessary exterior The interfering elements, such as pipes and flues, and fix them to the facade by means of special pieces in polystyrene or polyurethane with high density or by means of thermal cutting dowels, so as not to affect the continuity of the thermal coat.
Error n.6: compromise the steam permeability of the facade wall
Install a layer of insulating material scarcely permeable steam On the outside of an opaque structure that separates the internal environment from the external environment it can determine the formation of interstitial condensate phenomena, especially if we intervene without an adequate verification of the hygrometric behavior of the pre -existing structure.
The presence of Two layers scarcely steam permeable (tiles and polyurethane) On the external side of the facade wall can cause the onset of interstitial condensate problems with consequent Board of the external finish plaster.
The image to follow shows a case attributable to error n. 6
