In the determination of the Fire damage in buildingsmust be proceeded by dividing the estimate between Effects to the building and content assets from the same. This is a significant division in the case of an expert report for insurance compensation, on which the operations or not depends on the guarantee provided.
For building or building We mean any covered construction, isolated from streets or empty spaces, or separated from other constructions through walls that rise, without interruption, from the foundations to the roof; which has one or more free accesses on the street, and may have one or more autonomous stairs.
In the insurance contract The definition is of an extensive type; In fact, we mean the entire construction or its portion, including, if it is a condominium, the respective shares of the building constituting common properties, including fixed, fixtures and works of the foundation or underground as well as its appurtenances, provided that they are built in the building itself or in the spaces adjacent to it and, in particular, the plants and installations considered immobile by nature or destination.
For the purpose of determining the damage, the building is considered as a construction, also included the fixtures and windows, the foundation works and the appurtenances such as thermal power plants, garages and fences, provided they are located in the building or in the adjacent area.
In the meaning of damage, albeit separated from the construction, his must also be considered content; These are the furnishings, particular and precious objects as well as jewels and values.
Verification of pre -existence
There verification of pre -existence consists in determining the was immediately prior to the harmful event; This is necessary as the law provides that in the assessment of the damage it cannot be attributed to perite or damaged things higher than what they had at the time of the accident.
In the case of Risk covered by insurance policy This value can already be established in the contract, through an estimate accepted in writing by the parties, not to be confused with the declaration of value of the assured things that instead represents only a simple declaration of science of the insured.
In the presence of the preventive estimate the expert is exonerated From the verification of the pre -existence, while in other cases, in consideration of the type of damage, it will have to proceed with the investigation by acquiring the necessary technical documentation such as building permits, project graphs and anything else deemed necessary.
Once the fundamental documentation has been found, it will be possible to proceed with the relief of the consistency of the buildingascertaining the type, the intended use and, if possible, also the state of maintenance. This is highly important information, also for the subsequent esteem of the most probable reconstruction value of the building at the time of the accident.
The estimate of the damage to the building
Once the cause of the event has been ascertained and the situation relating to pre -existence has been verified, the expert can proceed to Estimation of the compensable damage and, in the event of an insured claim, to the determination of the compensation, using the subscribed policy conditions.
Basically the esteem phase consists of the following steps:
- physical assessment of the damage;
- Estimation of the value of the building at the time of the accident;
- estimate of the cost of reconstruction of the destroyed and/or damaged works;
- Estimation of the value of any recovery materials net of the reuse cost.
Physical assessment of the damage
We mean the punctual reconstruction of the works destroyed and damaged detected through on -site measurements, with the help of the planimetries of the building, and with the annotation of what is destroyed, and therefore to be reconstructed, and damaged to be repaired.
These counts will then be used for the monetary estimate of the damage.
Estimation of the value of the building at the time of the accident
The determination of the overall value of the property Where the fire has occurred is constant practice in insurance appraisals, in order to check if the same has been ensured for the right value or, instead, in decrease or excess.
In case of supera The reconstruction value identified by the expert will be valid, while if the insured value is less than the real one, the compensation will be reduced proportionally. For the estimate of the reconstruction value The expert is free to choose the most appropriate methodology. It may resort to analytical techniques, spreading a rigorous estimative metric calculation, or synthetic, drawing up, in this case, a metric calculation for macro-voci.
You can also proceed by comparison, estimating the medium construction cost per surface square meters on the basis of recent construction contracts relating to similar properties. In general, the analytical estimate is adopted for large fires with consistent damage, where it is necessary to reconstruct the former ante situation in detail.
In the reconstruction costs Only the volume above must be considered above the foundations with the exclusion of the value of the area.
Estimate of the cost of reconstruction of the destroyed and/or damaged works
The expert, on the basis of what is detected in the physical assessment phase of the damage, will proceed to monetary quantification of the same through use, where possible, of the regional price benefit for public works and, if there are expenditure items that are not included, carrying out an analysis of the prices, in order to come to express the amount of esteem.
Estimation of the value of any recovery materials
If the expert detects the presence of materials that can be reused in repairing the damage, he will have to give adequate evaluation net of recovery costs. This amount will be deducted from the amount of the damage.
Rescue works
These are measures implemented by the injured party to prevent the fire from dilatingthus increasing the extent of the damage. If detected, they will be quantified economically and added to the amount of the damage.
The estimate to the content of the building
In addition to the structures of the building, the contents of the same are also subject to the detriment of fire, which can be divided, in relation to the destination of the building, in:
- furniture, particular and fine objects, jewels and values;
- machines and tools;
- goods.
In the case of damage caused by illegal factmust always be included in the amount of esteem while, if an insurance report is being prepared, it is necessary to verify whether they are included in the guarantee and until what amount, determining their real value for verifying any sub -assurance and the application of the reduction of the compensation.
For the Estimation of damage Of these assets it is necessary to proceed with the importance of their characteristics and the relative state of use preceding the accident, in order to identify the most likely market value on which to calculate the amount of the damage.
